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Fact File Population: 86 million Time zone: GMT+3 Plugs: Three-prong square Dialling code: +251 Currency: Birr - $1=19ETB Language: Amharic, Oromo, Tigrinya, Guragigna, Somali, Arabic, English Background Ethiopia's economy is based on agriculture, which accounts for 46% of GDP and 85% of total employment. Coffee has been a major export crop. The agricultural sector suffers from poor cultivation practices and frequent drought, but recent joint efforts by...

Fact File Capital: Asmara Population: 4,980,000 Time zone: GMT +3 Plugs: Two pin round Dialling code: +291 Currency: Eritrean Nakfa. Exchange rate: $1 = 10.7100 ERN Language: Tigrinya, Arabic, French Visas Visas required by all except for nationals from Kenya and Uganda. No visa required for the following: Employees of air/shipping lines represented in Eritrea travelling on duty. Boat tourists arriving in Massawa and Assab for 48 hours, but shore pass required. Airlines EgyptAir –...

Fact File Capital: Malabo Population: 1,837,000 Time zone: GMT +1 Plugs: Two pin round Dialling code: +240 Currency:  CFA franc. Exchange rate: $1 = 499.888 XOF Language: Spanish, French Visas All visitors to Equatorial Guinea require a visa. Airlines Air France – www.airfrance.com Cronos Airlines – www.cronosair.com Ethiopian Airlines – www.ethiopianairlines.com Iberia – www.iberia.com Hotels Malobo Sofitel Malobo Sipopo – www.sofitel.com Mango Suites – www.mango-suites.com Ibis – www.ibis.com Hilton – www.hilton.com Impala – www.hotelimpala.net Car Hire Avis – www.avis.com Europcar – www.europcar.com Bookmark with:

Egypt’s transition from authoritarian pseudo-democracy to full democratic state has not been smooth. 2012’s elections, though, may herald a new dawn for this most historic of North African Arab countries. That is, if peace can prevail. Background The most populous of Arab countries, Egypt has a history dating back over 7000 years. Contemporary Egypt defined its importance by heralding the birth...

Fact File Capital: Djibouti Population: 912,000 Time zone: GMT +3 Plugs: Two pin round Dialling code: +253 Currency: Djiboutian franc. Exchange rate: $1 = 179.698 DJF Language: French, Arabic Visas All nationalities require a visa to enter Djibouti. A visa is usually valid for 30 days. Airlines Air France – www.airfrance.com Daallo Airways – www.daallo.com Ethiopian Airlines – www.ethiopianairlines.com Jubba Airways – www.jubba-airways.com Kenya Airways – www.kenya-airways.com THY Turkish Airlines – www.thy.com Yemenia Airways – www.yemenia.com Hotels Djibouti Kempinski Djibouti Palace...

Fact File Capital: Yamoussoukro Population: 23,919,000 Time zone: GMT 0 Plugs: Two pin round Dialling code: +225 Currency: CFA franc. Exchange rate: $1 = 499.888 XOF Language: French Airlines Air Algerie – www.airalgerie.dz Air Burkina – www.air-burkina.com Air France – www.airfrance.com Air Cote d’Ivoire – www.aircotedivoire.com Air Mali – www.air-mali.com ASKY – www.flyasky.com Brussels Airlines – www.brusselsairlines.com Cronos Airlines – www.cronosair.com EgyptAir – www.egyptair.com Emirates – www.emirates.com Kenya Airways – www.kenya-airways.com Middle East Airlines – www.mea.com.lb Slok Air International – www.slok-air.com South African...

Fact File Capital: Moroni Population: 743,000 Time zone: GMT +3 Plugs: Two pin round Dialling code: +269 Currency: Comorian franc. Exchange rate: $1 = 374.847 KMF Language: Arabic, French Visas All nationalities require a visa when visiting Comoros. Visas can be obtained on arrival and are valid for 45 days. Airlines African Express Airways – www.africanexpress.co.ke Air Austral – www.air-austral.com Air Madagascar – www.airmadagascar.com Comores Aviation – www.comoresaviation.com Kenya Airways – www.kenya-airways.com Precision Air – www.precisionairtz.com Hotels Moroni Retaj Moroni –...

Fact File Capital: N’Djamena Population: 12,948,000 Time zone: GMT +1 Plugs: Two pin round Dialling code: +235 Currency: CFA franc. Exchange rate: $1 = 499.888 XOF Language: French, Arabic Visas The following nationalities do not require a visa: Benin, Burkina-Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, DRC, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Niger All other nationalities require a visa when travelling to Chad. Airlines Air France – www.airfrance.com ASKY – www.flyasky.com Camair – www.camair-co.cm Ethiopian Airlines – www.ethiopianairlines.com Kenya Airways – www.kenya-airways.com Sudan...

Fact File Capital: Bagui Population: 5,217,000 Time zone: GMT +1 Plugs: Two pin round Dialling code: +236 Currency: CFA franc. Exchange rate: $1 = 499.888 XOF Language: French, Sangho Visas All nationalities require a visa when visiting the Central African Republic. Supposedly passport holders from Israel and Switzerland are exempt, but convincing the airlines might prove impossible. Best to play it safe on this one and have your visa ready. Airlines Air France...

Fact File Capital: Praia Population: 511,000 Time zone: GMT -1 Plugs: Two pin round Dialling code: +238 Currency: Cape Verdean escudo. Exchange rate: $1 = 84.4970 CVE Language: Portuguese Visas Citizens of the following countries do not require a visa to enter Benin: Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Togo All other nationalities will need to secure a visa before entering the country. Hotels Praia Postana Tropica – www.pestana.com Pérda Hotel Residencial –...

Fact File Capital: Yaounde Population: 21,331,000 Time zone: GMT +1 Plugs: Two pin round Dialling code: +237 Currency: CFA franc. Exchange rate: $1 = 499.888 XOF Language: English, French Visas All nationalities need a visa, except passport holders from Chad, Central African Republic, Mali and Nigeria. Airlines Air Cote d’Ivoire – www.aircotedivoire.com Air France – www.airfrance.com Arik Air – www.arikair.com ASKY – www.flyasky.com Brussels Airlines – www.brusselsairlines.com Camair – www.camair-co.cm Cronos Airlines – www.cronosair.com Elysian Airlines – www.elysianairlines.com Ethiopian Airlines...

Fact File Capital: Bujumbara Population: 9,023,000 Time zone: GMT +2 Plugs: Two pin round Dialling code: +257 Currency: Burundi franc. Exchange rate: $1 = 1,539.98 BIF Language: Kirundi, French Visa Nationals from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Uganda DO NOT need a visa to enter Burundi. Hong Kong passport holders will receive a visa on arrival. All other nationalities require a visa before travelling, unless there is no diplomatic...